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Summary of Dosage Adjustment in Renal and Hepatic Disease

Chronic uropathy (CKD) may be a worldwide public unhealthiness affecting over 50 million people, and over 1 million of them are receiving kidney replacement therapy (Levey et al, 2009).

The kidney is a crucial organ in regulating body fluids, balance, removal of metabolic waste, and drug excretion from the body. Impairment or degeneration of kidney function affects the pharmacokinetics of medication. a number of the more common causes of renal failure include disease, injury, and drug intoxication.

Some of the conditions that will cause chronic or acute renal disorder. Acute diseases or trauma to the kidney can cause uremia, within which glomerular filtration is impaired or reduced, resulting in accumulation of excessive fluid and blood nitrogenous products within the body. Uremia generally reduces glomerular filtration and/or active secretion, which results in a decrease in renal drug excretion leading to a extended elimination half-life of the administered drug.