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Syllabus of Unit 2 :-

1. Pharmacology of drugs acting on cardio vascular system,
  • Drug used in the therapy of shock
  • Hematinics, coagulants and anticoagulants
  • Fibrinolytics and anti-platelet drugs
  • Plasma volume expanders

2. Pharmacology of drugs acting on urinary system
  • Diuretics
  • Anti-diuretics.

1. Diuretics

Diuretics, sometimes called water pills, help rid your body of salt (sodium) and water. Most of those medicines help your kidneys release more sodium into your urine. The sodium helps remove water from your blood, decreasing the number of fluid flowing through your veins and arteries. This reduces vital sign.

Examples of diuretics :-
There are three sorts of diuretics:
  1. Thiazide
  2. Loop
  3. Potassium sparing

Each variety of diuretic affects a unique a part of your kidneys. Some pills combine over one form of diuretic or combine a diuretic with another pressure medication.

Which diuretic is best for you depends on your health and also the condition being treated.

Examples of thiazide diuretics taken orally include :-
  • Chlorothiazide
  • Chlorthalidone
  • Hydrochlorothiazide
  • Indapamide
  • Metolazone

Examples of loop diuretics include :- 
  • Bumetanide (Bumex)
  • Ethacrynic acid (Edecrin)
  • Furosemide (Lasix)
  • Torsemide (Soaanz)

Examples of potassium-sparing diuretics include :-
  • Amiloride (Midamor)
  • Eplerenone (Inspra)
  • Spironolactone (Aldactone, Carospir)
  • Riamterene (Dyrenium)

2. Haemanitics

Hematinics are substances that are essential to the correct formation of the components of blood. samples of Hematinics include pteroylmonoglutamic acid, B, and iron. additionally, vitamin D, which helps maintain the health of bones-the reservoirs of latest blood cells-may even have a task in protecting hemoglobin and in stimulating the formation of latest blood cells.

3. Plasma volume expanders

Plasma volume expanders (PVEs) are fluids given intravenously to extend or retain the amount of fluid within the cardiovascular system. they're accustomed treat shock (a life-threatening condition within which the center cannot pump enough blood that's needed by the body). PVEs are given to revive vascular volume that has been lost because of injury or the other medical condition. They stabilize the dynamics of blood flow and permit adequate fluid to taste the vascular system to organs and provide oxygen.