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Summary of Musculoskeletal Disorders

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are injuries or disorders of the muscles, nerves, tendons, joints, cartilage, and spinal discs. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) are conditions in which:
  1. The work environment and performance of labor contribute significantly to the condition; and/or
  2. The condition is formed worse or persists longer because of work conditions

In 1997, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) released a review of evidence for work-related MSDs. samples of work conditions which will cause WMSD include routine lifting of heavy objects, daily exposure to whole body vibration, routine overhead work, work with the neck in chronic flexion position, or performing repetitive forceful tasks. This report identified positive evidence for relationships between work conditions and MSDs of the neck, shoulder, elbow, hand and wrist, and back.